Targets
Mozambique’s northern coast contains some of the world’s most biodiverse marine ecosystems – mangroves, seagrass and coral reefs – which support millions of people and are increasingly in need of protection and sustainable management in response to the impacts of human activity and climate change.
The country has national targets for the protection of biodiversity, including at least 5% of marine ecosystems by 2025 and, in 2019, the country joined the High Ambition Coalition with the global objective of protecting at least 30% of land and sea by 2030.
The Mozambican government is therefore committed to expanding the country’s network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), which currently cover around 2.1% of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
In this context, in partnership with WCS, the Oceanographic Institute of Mozambique (InOM) has developed scenarios for the strategic expansion of MPAs and, in August 2022, the Council of Ministers determined that the scenario of 10-12% protection of the EEZ would be the one chosen for achievement by 2030.
This project aims to contribute to that goal, since its area of operation was one of those selected by the model as being one of the most important in the country for protection.
Theory of change
By assisting the government in establishing a large-scale Marine Protected Area (MPA) and enhancing small-scale fisheries management, we aim to develop a resilient ecosystem-based management model. This initiative will bolster critical ecosystems against climate change and multiple stressors. Integrated community-managed fishing areas within the MPA, guided by capable community organizations, will fortify ecosystem structure and function, enhancing climate resilience.
Additionally, promoting alternative eco-friendly livelihoods will alleviate pressure on marine resources, fostering job creation and income generation for local communities, particularly vulnerable groups like women. Emphasizing awareness and training on ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) will cultivate sustainable practices, guiding the government to integrate EbA into national climate resilience strategies.
